Negative Body Image free essay sample

An investigation demonstrated that ladies experience a normal of 13 negative considerations about their body every day, while 97% of ladies confess to having at any rate one â€Å"I detest my body† second every day (raderprograms). Youngsters today are confronted with numerous weights: how they dress, who their companions are, who they are going to date, and above all, what they resemble. In today’s society, self-perception is something beyond the psychological picture an individual has of what their body resembles. For some, self-perception is additionally an impression of how they feel about themselves and their lives. Individuals with an antagonistic self-perception accept that on the off chance that they don't look right, different things, for example, their character, knowledge, social aptitudes, or capacities, additionally are wrong. They imagine that on the off chance that they fix their bodies, all their different issues will vanish. This can bring about unfortunate weight the board rehearses and an undesirable relationship with food. We will compose a custom exposition test on Negative Body Image or then again any comparable theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Individuals unnecessarily diet and exercise out of dread of putting on weight. The media today depicts leave slim ladies with excellent faces and size 0 bodies, however in all actuality, most of runway models meet the Body Mass Index (BMI) measures to be viewed as anorexic (raderprograms). When affected by good examples like these, adolescents begin to feel mediocre in the event that they don't appear to be identical. Thusly, when put under the weight of ladies in the media, young people will undoubtedly build up a contrary self-perception, eating or disposition issue, or other undesirable addictions on the off chance that they feel their bodies don't â€Å"measure up† to those of ladies depicted. Negative self-perception is a major issue that can be incredibly impacted by today’s media. Self-perception alludes to a person’s emotions about how appealing their body is. Famous people like Kate Moss are 30+% under their optimal body weight, alongside this, youthful young ladies are more scared of putting on weight than getting malignant growth, losing their folks, or atomic war (raderprograms). Exploration has demonstrated that media presentation to out of reach physical flawlessness is adverse to individuals, particularly ladies, and that the impeding impacts are at present more the standard than the special case (An Intervention for the Negative Influence on Body Esteem 405-418). Negative self-perception influences all angles (physical, mental, social, and otherworldly) of the body contrarily and cause issues like wretchedness, nervousness and social uneasiness. Generally 50% of the ladies in the U. S. wear size 14 or bigger however most standard garments retailers just take into account size 14 and littler (raderprograms). Having an adverse self-perception can be unfavorable to a person’s confidence; they will consistently examine themselves in mirrors and be jealous to other’s bodies, regardless of whether it is famous people, companions or even total outsiders. Numerous individuals with a negative self-perception will begin to count calories to control their weight and get it to where they need it to be. At some random time, one in each three ladies and one in any four men are on a careful nutritional plan (raderprograms). Individuals diet to be more slender and increasingly alluring, to look like individuals they find in the media. A People magazine overview indicated that 80% of female takers felt that ladies in motion pictures and TV programs caused them to feel uncertain about their bodies (raderprograms). The media is adverse towards individuals who are not as little as models and (most) on-screen characters. The normal U. S. model weighs 117 lbs and is 5’11†, while the normal U. S. lady weighs 140 lbs and is 5’4† (raderprograms). The media additionally is a solid promoter of abstaining from excessive food intake and particularly diet pills. While eating less junk food should be possible strongly, a few young people misuse eating fewer carbs; 73% of high school young ladies who misuse diet pills and 79% of adolescent young ladies who self-cleanse (the demonstration of persuasively making themselves upchuck or manhandling purgatives to not ingest calories) oftentimes read women’s wellness and wellbeing magazines (raderprograms). Individuals who diet have an expanded measure of gloom because of self-perception and not getting the outcomes they anticipate. Thirty-five percent of â€Å"occasional dieters† progress into neurotic counting calories (disarranged eating) and the same number of as 25% development to out and out dietary issues (raderprograms). Clinical specialists accept that 80 percent of all dietary problems began with an eating routine (The Causes of Negative Body Image). Media makes adolescents feel uncertain and have low confidence. It is one of the main sources of Eating Disorders in the United States. Dietary issues influence 10+ million females and 1+ million guys (raderprograms). Numerous adolescents experience the ill effects of dietary issues and it significantly influences a person’s life. â€Å"When you have a dietary issue at a youthful age, you can’t shake it without any problem. I’ve endured with anorexia and bulimia since I was 12 years of age, alongside extreme despondency and tension issue. It was to a great extent affected by the media and the strain to be meager. You’re consistently pre-busy with the voices advising you not to eat this, or not to eat that since you need to be slender, correct? It’s consistently there and it’s hard. You realize what you’re doing isn't right, however man does it feel so right. † (Billstein). For females between the ages 15-24 who experience the ill effects of anorexia, the death rate related with the ailment is multiple times higher than he demise pace of ALL different reasons for death (raderprograms). At the point when an individual builds up a dietary problem they may likewise get dependent on practice alongside limiting calories. Exercise habit is maladaptive, causing more damage than benefits. Individuals become dependent on practice so as to be more slender. This is normally combined with a dietary problem or negative self-perception. An individual will exercise and consume off each calorie that they have devoured during the day and run their carbohydrate level into the negatives so they don't ingest any calories whatsoever. â€Å"I feel in charge of my body when I work out. I can see precisely what number of calories I have worn out of my body; having the option to consume the modest quantity of calories that I have figured out how to eat just feels better. † (Billstein). About 10% of rec center clients have practice enslavement. Another confusion that connects to dietary issues is Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD). BDD is â€Å"imagined ugliness†, where an individual dismantles everything about themselves until their confidence is low, making them helpless to state of mind issue. It is the entryway medication to dietary problems and negative self-perception, misery, nervousness and other modified mind-set issue. 0% of individuals determined to have dietary problems additionally experience the ill effects of BDD. â€Å"When I take a gander at myself in the mirror, I don’t see what others see. I see a young lady with a huge temple, enormous thighs, a fat stomach and beady little eyes. I loathe my body so much that what I see is complete ly changed and nauseating. I don’t need to resemble this, that’s why I depended on different things that I could control: eating and how a lot. † (Billstein). At the point when an individual has discouragement, nervousness, dietary problems or other adjusted state of mind issue they may get dependent on undesirable exercises. An unfortunate enslavement that numerous individuals, adolescents fundamentally, structure is self-hurt. It has numerous names: self-injury, self-damaging conduct, self-misuse, self-cutting, and dreary self-hurt disorder. It is regularly called self-mutilation. Notwithstanding what name an individual uses, it is the deliberate annihilation or change of one’s own body tissue without cognizant self-destructive purpose (How Negative Body Image Affects the Body and Mind). Self-hurt comprises of any substantial injury whether it be cutting, consuming, scratching, picking or forestalling the recuperating of wounds. People self-mischief to discharge torment. A few people say they self-disfigure on the grounds that they are sincerely numb and it encourages them feel something. When cutting, the individual feels in charge of the agony, while within, they can't control mental torment from scatters or melancholy. The individuals who cut feel a help a while later yet it gets progressively serious of a dependence the more it goes. They experience solid yearnings to hurt themselves and withdrawals when in recuperation. â€Å"I cut since I can control it. I’m not saying that it’s something worth being thankful for, yet I’m in recuperation and I have backslid. It assumes responsibility for your psyche; you’re in a tragic state when you take that cutting edge to your skin. You have the scars everlastingly to recollect the occasions you’ve experienced, however they show quality not shortcoming. They’re fight scars and they show that you’ve vanquished, not been crushed, you’re still alive and here, and that’s wonderful. † (Billstein). 90% of self-injury people start hurting themselves during their youngster years or more youthful. (Cutting: Self Injury Facts amp; Statistics). Just 4% of ladies on the planet really think they are wonderful (raderprograms). There are some positive self-perception impacts in the media including Dove skincare. They have the ‘Real Beauty’ battle demonstrating moderate to hefty size models in a positive air. There is an extreme contrast between Dove’s ‘Real Beauty’ crusade (Figure 1) and Victoria’s Secret’s new ‘Love My Body’ battle (Figure 2). A few types of media are just positive to a specific weight gathering (I. e: ‘Love My Body’ crusade). Ladies ought not be embarrassed about their bodies, they should grasp them and hotshot their best highlights. â€Å"You’re going to be in this body for an amazing remainder, so you should figure out how to like it† (Billstein). Figure 1 (Rana). Figure 2 (McDonell-Parry). Generally speaking, negative self-perception is a perilous issue to have in light of the fact that it can l

Culture Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 4

Culture - Assignment Example In his article, Martin Lever investigates and explains the significance of medical caretakers being knowlegdable in the way of life of their patients particularly when managing individual patients(Leever, 2011). He contends that the fitness of attendants in culture is probably going to add to constructive outcomes in the medicinal services of an individual they are thinking about . Lisa Bearskin in her article concurs with Martin Leever that to be sure ownership of social fitness by medical caretakers positively affects the patients. She brings up that the nursing calling has advanced throughout the years as far as acknowledging and remembering society for conveyance of administration to the patients (Bearskin, 2011). Nonetheless, she prompts that the medical caretakers ought not concentrate just on being skilled in culture yet in addition focus on â€Å"cultural wellbeing by method of social ethics† as â€Å"a increasingly conscious approach to accomplish moral nursing practice in ordinary situations† (Bearskin, 2011, p.557). Attendants should give close consideration to the particular needs of every individual patient so as to accomplish their goal of conveying the best medicinal services administration to the patient. Medicinal services offices ought to along these lines position themselves by guaranteeing that they are arranged and prepared to suit the social needs of their patients and should show that responsibility through satisfactory preparing of their attendant staff (Leever,

Best Proofreading Tips from Experts

Best Proofreading Tips from Experts How to Proofread an Essay Home›Tips for Students›How to Proofread an Essay Tips for StudentsProofreading tips and techniques from expertsGood proofreading skills are absolutely necessary for everyone whos dealing with writing. Regardless of whether you need to write long texts on a daily basis or just compose a short piece of writing once in a while, mistakes should be avoided in any case. If you think only people who are not skilled in writing need to carefully proofread their texts, youre very much mistaken. Even professional writers have editors and proofreaders who are there to help them spot accidental slip-ups. So,  how to proofread professionally on your own?Since most people cannot afford a service of a personal proofreader, weve compiled a list of proofreading tips and tricks on how to proofread a text by yourselfLet it Be for a WhileIf youve been working on a piece of writing for a long time, youre likely to have lost the ability to see and judge it objectively. This m eans that you also wont be able to spot any mistakes if you start proofreading right after youve finished writing. Thats why you should dedicate the tasks of writing and editing to two different days. The same refers even to short texts. If you dont have the luxury of an extra day, you should still take a break and make sure your brain gets relaxed before you start proofreading.Edit at Different PeriodsAgain, if you cant postpone editing until tomorrow, you should at least do it at the different time of the day. For example, after having worked on an essay the whole morning, leave it till the evening because it will already give you a different perspective. Its been proven that our surroundings influence our perception, and it works even with such thing as writing.Read out LoudWhen reading the text in your mind to yourself, youre likely to skip mistakes because this type of reading is very fast and mechanical. Switching things up and reading aloud will give you a completely differen t picture. First of all, you wont jump over words or add some that you were planning to but didnt write down. Thus youll be able to spot repetitions and missed words faster. Secondly, your tongue will also betray spelling mistakes that your eyes might miss. Finally, youll also notice awkward wording and confusing sentences because when uttered out loud theyll make less sense compared to what they sounded like in your head.Learn on Your Own MistakesEveryone has a weakness, including at least one in writing. For instance, some people struggle with the difference between theyre and their while others have that one annoying word they can never spell correctly. If you notice that you make the same mistakes over and over again, jot them down on a piece of paper. When starting the editing process, use the search tool to find these exact mistakes to make proofreading a lot faster. This trick will also help you to become more aware of your weak spots and eventually get rid of them altogether .Have the Difficult Words PreparedAs it was mentioned, everyone has a word that they can never spell correctly on the first try. For example, such words as possession, embarrass, appearance, reminisce, successful and many others have already been proven to create extra struggles for many people. To speed writing up and avoid mistakes, make a list of your troublesome words and keep it next to you. Once again, seeing the correct spelling will help you to memorize it faster.Dedicate Enough TimeThere is a popular belief that writing is the most important process while editing is just something you do during the short time you have left. In reality, however, proofreading is as important as composing the text itself. So when planning your writing session, you should always make sure you leave enough time for editing and dont overlook its importance.Know Your Academic StyleOnce you start writing academically, youll get familiar with such styles of writing as APA, Chicago, and MLA. The choi ce of one will already be predetermined by the field of study for which you write, but you always need to be completely sure you know what that exact style requires. In case youre writing outside school and work for an organization, its also likely to have its own style. Whatever it is, style guidelines will help you tremendously in editing and meeting requirements.Change the FontIf you always write in the same format, your eyes eventually get used to it, and it becomes difficult to notice mistakes. Changing the layout makes the text look completely different from what youve already got accustomed to. This especially concerns increasing the spacing between lines to separate them from each other and make it easier for you to focus on every sentence without your eyes getting distracted by other words.Go BackwardsAfter youve read your text a few times already, it becomes extra difficult to spot mistakes you might have still overlooked. It happens because you already know it almost by h eart, and your brain already predicts whats coming next (even if youve missed a word). To see your essay from a new perspective, try to read it starting from the end sentence by sentence. It will make little sense but at least will prevent your brain from creating things that arent there.Look for a Specific MistakeOften its very likely that one mistake will reoccur all the way throughout the text. So after youve spotted a misspelling, go to the search tool and type it in to check if you have more of the same mistake. This is not the most efficient way to proofread a text because it will take longer, but on the other hand it will guarantee that you wont accidentally miss this mistake anymore.Eliminate DistractionsConsider proofreading as your quiet me-time. To be able to really get into the process of analyzing the text, you need to make sure you dont have any distractions. This means finding a spot where there isnt too much noise and doing your best to not check your phone all the t ime. If you lose the focus continuously, you wont be able to get into the flow of the text and will likely miss some things.Practice MoreGood editing skills are just like your writing abilities they are honed with time and through continuous practice. Thats why the more you proofread and edit, the better and faster youll become. If you dont have that much material to practice editing on a regular basis, look for alternatives. One thing you can do it to analyze articles you read in your spare time and think how youd improve the quality of writing.Dont Edit While WritingThe best way to approach writing is to just let it go and write everything that comes to your mind. Many people find it difficult due to their perfectionism since they dont like having a text that is not yet polished. They end up interrupting the writing process and go back to reread and edit what theyve already written. This is not the right technique because you make your brain switch from one activity to another ba ck and forth, and that doesnt lead to success in any of them. So next time youre writing an essay, go step by step.Ask a Friend for FeedbackWhile its true that in most cases you need to write by yourself, it doesnt mean that you cant get someones opinion regarding the quality of your text. In fact, even university professors recommend to first get someone else to read the final copy of your paper before you hand it in. This should be done for the reason that people who havent been working on that piece of writing can judge it a lot more objectively.Make the Same ChangesIf you have a long document to edit, its important that youre consistent with your changes. For example, there is still a debate around the Oxford comma, and there doesnt seem to be only one right option. Nevertheless, it doesnt mean that you should use them both in the same text. If youve put a comma before the last conjunction in your first sentence, make sure you keep doing the same thing till the last one.Refresh Your Grammar KnowledgeA grammar book in probably not a very thrilling read, but in order to be a good editor, you have to know the current rules. Its beneficial to brush up on your grammar skills once in a while by flipping through a textbook. After all, there is no limit to perfection.With these tips for proofreading, weve covered all you need to know about proofreading so now its only your responsibility to implement them.

Best Proofreading Tips from Experts

Best Proofreading Tips from Experts How to Proofread an Essay Home›Tips for Students›How to Proofread an Essay Tips for StudentsProofreading tips and techniques from expertsGood proofreading skills are absolutely necessary for everyone whos dealing with writing. Regardless of whether you need to write long texts on a daily basis or just compose a short piece of writing once in a while, mistakes should be avoided in any case. If you think only people who are not skilled in writing need to carefully proofread their texts, youre very much mistaken. Even professional writers have editors and proofreaders who are there to help them spot accidental slip-ups. So,  how to proofread professionally on your own?Since most people cannot afford a service of a personal proofreader, weve compiled a list of proofreading tips and tricks on how to proofread a text by yourselfLet it Be for a WhileIf youve been working on a piece of writing for a long time, youre likely to have lost the ability to see and judge it objectively. This m eans that you also wont be able to spot any mistakes if you start proofreading right after youve finished writing. Thats why you should dedicate the tasks of writing and editing to two different days. The same refers even to short texts. If you dont have the luxury of an extra day, you should still take a break and make sure your brain gets relaxed before you start proofreading.Edit at Different PeriodsAgain, if you cant postpone editing until tomorrow, you should at least do it at the different time of the day. For example, after having worked on an essay the whole morning, leave it till the evening because it will already give you a different perspective. Its been proven that our surroundings influence our perception, and it works even with such thing as writing.Read out LoudWhen reading the text in your mind to yourself, youre likely to skip mistakes because this type of reading is very fast and mechanical. Switching things up and reading aloud will give you a completely differen t picture. First of all, you wont jump over words or add some that you were planning to but didnt write down. Thus youll be able to spot repetitions and missed words faster. Secondly, your tongue will also betray spelling mistakes that your eyes might miss. Finally, youll also notice awkward wording and confusing sentences because when uttered out loud theyll make less sense compared to what they sounded like in your head.Learn on Your Own MistakesEveryone has a weakness, including at least one in writing. For instance, some people struggle with the difference between theyre and their while others have that one annoying word they can never spell correctly. If you notice that you make the same mistakes over and over again, jot them down on a piece of paper. When starting the editing process, use the search tool to find these exact mistakes to make proofreading a lot faster. This trick will also help you to become more aware of your weak spots and eventually get rid of them altogether .Have the Difficult Words PreparedAs it was mentioned, everyone has a word that they can never spell correctly on the first try. For example, such words as possession, embarrass, appearance, reminisce, successful and many others have already been proven to create extra struggles for many people. To speed writing up and avoid mistakes, make a list of your troublesome words and keep it next to you. Once again, seeing the correct spelling will help you to memorize it faster.Dedicate Enough TimeThere is a popular belief that writing is the most important process while editing is just something you do during the short time you have left. In reality, however, proofreading is as important as composing the text itself. So when planning your writing session, you should always make sure you leave enough time for editing and dont overlook its importance.Know Your Academic StyleOnce you start writing academically, youll get familiar with such styles of writing as APA, Chicago, and MLA. The choi ce of one will already be predetermined by the field of study for which you write, but you always need to be completely sure you know what that exact style requires. In case youre writing outside school and work for an organization, its also likely to have its own style. Whatever it is, style guidelines will help you tremendously in editing and meeting requirements.Change the FontIf you always write in the same format, your eyes eventually get used to it, and it becomes difficult to notice mistakes. Changing the layout makes the text look completely different from what youve already got accustomed to. This especially concerns increasing the spacing between lines to separate them from each other and make it easier for you to focus on every sentence without your eyes getting distracted by other words.Go BackwardsAfter youve read your text a few times already, it becomes extra difficult to spot mistakes you might have still overlooked. It happens because you already know it almost by h eart, and your brain already predicts whats coming next (even if youve missed a word). To see your essay from a new perspective, try to read it starting from the end sentence by sentence. It will make little sense but at least will prevent your brain from creating things that arent there.Look for a Specific MistakeOften its very likely that one mistake will reoccur all the way throughout the text. So after youve spotted a misspelling, go to the search tool and type it in to check if you have more of the same mistake. This is not the most efficient way to proofread a text because it will take longer, but on the other hand it will guarantee that you wont accidentally miss this mistake anymore.Eliminate DistractionsConsider proofreading as your quiet me-time. To be able to really get into the process of analyzing the text, you need to make sure you dont have any distractions. This means finding a spot where there isnt too much noise and doing your best to not check your phone all the t ime. If you lose the focus continuously, you wont be able to get into the flow of the text and will likely miss some things.Practice MoreGood editing skills are just like your writing abilities they are honed with time and through continuous practice. Thats why the more you proofread and edit, the better and faster youll become. If you dont have that much material to practice editing on a regular basis, look for alternatives. One thing you can do it to analyze articles you read in your spare time and think how youd improve the quality of writing.Dont Edit While WritingThe best way to approach writing is to just let it go and write everything that comes to your mind. Many people find it difficult due to their perfectionism since they dont like having a text that is not yet polished. They end up interrupting the writing process and go back to reread and edit what theyve already written. This is not the right technique because you make your brain switch from one activity to another ba ck and forth, and that doesnt lead to success in any of them. So next time youre writing an essay, go step by step.Ask a Friend for FeedbackWhile its true that in most cases you need to write by yourself, it doesnt mean that you cant get someones opinion regarding the quality of your text. In fact, even university professors recommend to first get someone else to read the final copy of your paper before you hand it in. This should be done for the reason that people who havent been working on that piece of writing can judge it a lot more objectively.Make the Same ChangesIf you have a long document to edit, its important that youre consistent with your changes. For example, there is still a debate around the Oxford comma, and there doesnt seem to be only one right option. Nevertheless, it doesnt mean that you should use them both in the same text. If youve put a comma before the last conjunction in your first sentence, make sure you keep doing the same thing till the last one.Refresh Your Grammar KnowledgeA grammar book in probably not a very thrilling read, but in order to be a good editor, you have to know the current rules. Its beneficial to brush up on your grammar skills once in a while by flipping through a textbook. After all, there is no limit to perfection.With these tips for proofreading, weve covered all you need to know about proofreading so now its only your responsibility to implement them.

Computers And Privacy The Cloud - 1296 Words

Nothing to hide, nothing to fear- Computers and privacy don’t mix Computers and privacy is an ever growing topic of conversation. Technology has advanced so much over the past 10 years it is hard to know how secure files on our computing devices really are. Storage methods like â€Å"The Cloud† are used by millions of people every single day to store files like music, images and personal details like bank account details that people simply don’t have the space to hold on their devices but how much do we really know about the cloud? How secure is it, who could gain access to the files and where the physical location that the â€Å"Cloud† servers are stored? The cloud gives users the impression that their files are quite literally up in the air, but should we not have more of an idea what the cloud actually is? Many mobile devices such as Apple iPhones are often set up to automatically back up to the cloud so users of the cloud can often be unaware what they are saving to this server. The cloud is a computing model where resources are provided on the users demand through the use of the web and all data on the cloud is stored â€Å"off-site†- the cloud is generally a great way to store large chunks of data without filling the memory on your mobile phone or computing device- but surely this will impose some security threats that we should be aware off? (Realtime-IT (online) what exactly is the cloud?) Mobile phones, iPods, computers etc. are all great methods of storage but as soon as youShow MoreRelatedThe Cloud Of Cloud Computing Essay1715 Words   |  7 Pagesis also known as cloud computing. Cloud computing is presently quick turning into the most noteworthy field in the IT world because of its progressive model of computing as a utility. It permits the decision makers to turn their consideration on the business as opposed to their IT Infrastructure. There is no organization that has not considered moving to cloud computing in light of its versatility, responsiveness, and deftness. A few surveys from RightScale (2015) state of the cloud report has demonstratedRead MoreThe Cloud : Going Beyond The Contractarian Paradigm1323 Words   |  6 PagesPrivacy in the Cloud: Going Beyond the Contractarian Paradigm Masooda N. Bashir, Jay P. Kesan, Carol M Hayes and Robert Zielinski 1. Citation Bashir, M, Hayes, C, Kesan, J Zielinski, R 2011, â€Å"Privacy in the Cloud: Going Beyond the Contractarian Paradigm†, Proceedings of the 2011 Workshop on Governance of Technology, Information, and Policies, pp. 21-27, December 2011 2. Purpose of the Article The purpose of the article is to provide a brief summary of cloud computing, a relatively new conceptRead MoreThe Goal Of Cloud Computing1194 Words   |  5 PagesINTRODUCTION Cloud computing is an internet based computing that depends on sharing computing with other resources rather than local servers or personal devices to handle applications. Cloud computing has fundamentally changed the way people view computing resources; rather than being an important capital consideration (Navavati, M., Colp, P., Aiello, B., Warefield, A. (2014)). Cloud computing offers many potential benefits to organizations by making information technology (IT) services availableRead MoreAn Efficient Way Of Preserving The Privacy Using Proxy900 Words   |  4 PagesAn efficient way of preserving the privacy using proxy re-encryption for shared authority accessing in cloud environment ABSTRACT Cloud computing is the technology which provides services in various forms through online . The number of online stores for storage are available to back up our data and accessing the data anywhere at anytime. Cloud computing is a pervasive advancement which gives a beneficiary way to the clients to benefit the cloud applications on interest. It refers to the networkRead MoreCloud Computing : The Future1320 Words   |  6 Pagesbenefits of cloud computing. It explores how it may become in the future, and examines its advantages and disadvantages. Cloud computing continues to grow in popularity. Many people hear the term and use it but some are unaware or confused by what it really means. This paper helps understand what the cloud is and how it works. First, it explains and demonstrates with some examples how organizations can reduce their cost in the future and how they can also improve their security by using cloud computingRead MoreThe Impact Of Media On Social Media1487 Words   |  6 Pagessocial media and privacy implications of sharing photos and videos on it. Privacy implications of cloud-based storage need to be researched further as the current literature on this is clearly not sufficient. Increasingly, many are storing their own private photos and videos in the cloud. Such cloud storages offer convenient backup features and allow users to access their data from anywhere with internet connection being the only requirement. Few users are aware that the term cloud is just a fancyRead MoreRegulation on Cloud to Protect User Privacy1700 Words   |  7 PagesRegulation on Cloud to Protect User Privacy This essay writes about regulation that rules cloud provider to protect privacy of data citizens within country. First of all, this essay will describe about what cloud services that used nowadays, its wide range of services, and users motivation why they would use cloud services. In the second section, it will explain more about the security threat of cloud services and going more specific into privacy issue. The next section, I will discuss about theRead MorePersonal Statement : Computer Science781 Words   |  4 Pageshave always been deeply fascinated with computer technology. When I was growing, computers were not highly prevalent in Saudi Arabia; furthermore, the first computer I had did not even have access to the Internet. However, I was born in an age that enabled me to fully appreciate the increasing complexity of technological innovation, allowing my skills and knowledge to grow with these advancements. Following my fascination with technology, I studied computer science as an undergraduate student at TaibahRead MoreThe Cloud Storage Is Not A Safe Service1435 Words   |  6 Pagesan expectation of privacy with regard to electronic storage, i.e. cloud storage. The background of the problem under consideration is a scandal with American celebrities whose nude pictures were illegally stolen and published online on autumn 2014. In fact, they were stolen from the celebrities’ iPhones through iCloud service. A big scandal not only revealed a private life of famous US people, but also disclosed vulnerability of Apple’s products and incompetency of their computer engineers. The evidenceRead MoreCloud Computing And The Computing1587 Words   |  7 PagesThe Important of Cloud Computing is increasing and it is receiving a growing attention in Scientific Industrial Communities. Cloud computing is one of the top 10 most important technologies and has a greater possibility in successive years by companies and organizations. Cloud computing implement everywhere, favourable, on demand network access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources (e.g. networks, servers, storage, applications and servers) that can be immediately supply and released

8 Common Questions Parents Ask Teachers

If you really want to make a great impression on the parents, then you must be ready to answer any question they might have for you. Here are 8 of the most common questions teachers receive from parents as well as some advice on how to answer them. 1. How Do I Help My Child With Technology When I Dont Know Anything About It? Many parents are far behind when it comes to staying up-to-date with the latest tech tools. Often, the child is the most tech-savvy member of the household. So, when a parent doesnt know how to help their child with their tech, they might come to you for advice.   What to Say - Tell parents to ask the same questions they would if they werent using technology for their homework. Questions like What are you learning? and What are you trying to accomplish? 2. How Can My Child Be Successful in School? Parents want to know what can they do at home to help their child be successful in school. They might ask for details on how you grade and if there is anything that they can do to make sure their child receives an A.   What to Say - Be truthful, show them how you grade, and share your expectations for your students. Remind them its not all about the grades, but how the child is learning. 3. Is My Child Behaving in School? If a parent asks you this question, you can probably assume that the child has behavioral issues at home as well. These parents often want to know if their childs behavior at home is transferring to their behavior in school. And, though there are instances of children acting out at home and presenting the opposite behavior in school, misbehaved children often act out in both spaces.   What to Say - Tell them how you see it. If they are indeed acting out, then you need to come up with a behavior plan with the parent and the student. There may be something going on at home (divorce, sick relative, etc.) Do not pry, but you can prompt the parent to see if they will tell you. If they are not acting out in school, reassure the parent and tell them they neednt worry.   4. Why Do You Give so Much/so Little Homework Parents will have strong opinions on homework volume no matter how much you give. Be receptive to their feedback, but remember that you are the teacher and it is ultimately up to you to decide what is best for your students and your classroom. What to Say - If a parent asks why you give so much homework, explain to them what their child is working on in school, and why its important to have them reinforce it at night. If a parent asks why their child never gets homework, then explain to them that you dont feel its necessary to bring work home when they could be spending time with their family. 5. What Is the Purpose of the Assignment? This parent question usually arises after a long night of sitting with their frustrated child. You have to remember that the way they pose the question (which is usually out of frustration) may come off as aggressive. Be patient with this parent; they have probably had a long night.   What to Say - Tell them that you are sorry that they may have a hard time and that you are always available via text or email to answer any questions. Make sure to communicate to them the  specific purpose of the assignment and reassure them that next time they have an issue that you are always there to answer their questions. 6. We Are Going on Vacation, Can I Have All of My Childs Homework? Vacations during school time can be hard because a child misses out on a lot of classroom time. It also means that you have to take the extra time to prep all of your lesson plans far ahead of time. Make sure to communicate your policy for vacation homework in the very beginning of the school year and ask that they give you at least one weeks notice. What to Say - Provide the parent with what you can and let them know that their child will likely have other things to make up when they get back. 7. Does My Child Have Friends? The parent just wants to make sure that their child is having a good experience in school and isnt being bullied or excluded.   What to Say - Tell them that you will observe their child and get back to them. Then, make sure that you do that. This will give the chance for you to pinpoint the time of day the child is having difficulty (if any). Then, the parent (and you) can talk to the child and come up with some solutions if need be. 8. Is My Child Turing in Their Homework on Time? Usually, this question comes from parents of 4th and 5th graders because this is the time when students gain more personal responsibility, which can take some adjustment.   What to Say - Offer the parent some insight into what their child is handing in and what they are not. Communicate your rules and expectations are for the student. Talk with the parent about things that they can do at home to help the child maintain responsibility, as well as what they can do in school.

The Importance Of Vaccination And Its Effects On The...

Shanon Nelson Professor Michael Glenning English 102 16 August 2015 The Importance of Vaccination Vaccines are substances used to stimulate the production of antibodies and provide immunity against diseases. Diseases such as Measles, Polio, Chicken Pox, Influenza, and pertussis are just a few of the many diseases that are at an all time record low because of the implementation of vaccination. Although these diseases have not completely disappeared, Vaccination has done a great job in keeping it under control. It plays a major role in parenting and people decide everyday whether they think the benefits outweigh the cost. Extensive research has been conducted over the years to prove just how beneficial and important it is to make sure that you are vaccinated. Vaccines play an important role in protection from serious illnesses, prevention of outbreaks, and are more cost effective to prevent a disease than to treat it. Protection from serious illnesses can be a matter of life or death. â€Å"An estimated 322 million illnesses, 21 million hospitalizations and 732,000 deaths will be prevented thanks to routine childhood vaccinations, according to new statistics released by the centers for Disease Control and Prevention† (Sabriya Rice 2014). This affects the health of our population tremendously. If individuals are given vaccines before they are exposed, protection against disease is guaranteed if they happen to come in contact with someone who was exposed to a disease but notShow MoreRelatedSexually Transmitted Diseases Are Caused By A Wide Range Of Viruses835 Words   |  4 PagesDarleene Rodriguez Bio 416 08 May 2017 Immunotherapeutic Strategies Sexually transmitted diseases are caused by a wide range of viruses. The most common viruses are: HIV-1, HSV-1/2, and HPV. Often the contraction of these viruses goes undiagnosed until the patient has acquired severe symptoms, by this time they have also transferred the disease to another individual. For this reason, the importance of developing and understanding immunotherapeutic strategies has become essential for immunologistsRead MoreThe Dangers Of Children From Diseases1806 Words   |  8 Pagesfrom diseases that have been eradicated within the United States. This being said, parents fail to recognize the importance in their children still receiving such vaccinations. Epidemiological transitions that occur throughout the world are known as changes in the patterns of disease and mortality. As the world enters the third epidemiological transition, characterized by ease of global travel, overuse of antibiotics, newly evolved microbes, along with the reemergence of infectious disea ses, immunizingRead MoreTaking a Look at Polio1371 Words   |  6 Pagesadolescent years or adulthood, when infection would produce most severe symptoms. Infections in early childhood generally results in asymptomatic or very mild disease. In the great 1916 polio endemic in New York City, 9,000 cases of paralysis were reported and nearly all in children less than 5 years of age. The Central Nervous System disease occurs only in less than 1% of those infected. After an initial 1 to 4 days of fever, sore throat and malaise, meningeal signs and symptoms appear, followed byRead MoreWhat Are The Limitations Of Delivering Vaccines?2953 Words   |  12 PagesWhat are the limitations of delivering vaccines nasally? Abstract Intranasal vaccinations are a developing area of research that can provide a promising alternative to the current strategy of intramuscular injections 1. In this review, the reasons for growing interest in intranasal administration are discussed, with those relating specifically to vaccinations being considered in more detail. In addition, the main limitations to nasal vaccines are reviewed, taking into account issues with the nasalRead MoreVaccines : The Causative Agent Of A Disease Essay1378 Words   |  6 Pagessubstance used to stimulate the production of antibodies and provide immunity against one or several diseases, prepared from the causative agent of a disease. Its products treated to act as an antigen without inducing the disease.† Vaccines have been around for hundreds of years. It is believed that the first unofficial vaccine was created in 1661 by a Chinese Emperor. Throughout the years, vaccines have become more advanced. For example, in 1955, public vaccination for Polio began and Jonas SalkRead MoreVaccination Saves Lives : Children s State Of Health1795 Words   |  8 Pages Vaccination saves lives. The parent or guardian has complete control in safeguarding their child from effects of illnesses such as measles. Parenting a child is an enormous responsibility as the parent must learn the facts about the possible diseases that can affect their children (Romm, 2001). However, in the public health sector, the importance of vaccination seems to be underestimated. Some of these public health practices not utilized to their maximum capacity hence disease that can be preventedRead MoreThe Lymphatic System Essay2019 Words   |  9 Pagesbloodstream. Secondly, the lacteals receive lipoproteins and then the lymphatic vessels transport these fats also to the bloodstream. Lastly, as stated previously the lymphatic system keeps the body healthy and fights infections. (Lymph Transport and Immunity, McGraw Hill) Lymphatic vessels are a pivotal part in the lymphatic system. Their role is to transport fluid away from tissues. Vessels transport a fluid known as lymph. Lymph is a clear fluid that derives from blood plasma and exits blood vesselsRead MoreCost Analysis of a Poultry Farm in Nigeria7715 Words   |  31 Pagessecurity 2 3. Housing 5 4. Brooder Management 6 5. Rearing 7 6. Watering and Feeding 8 7. Feed and Feeding 8 8. Vaccination 10 9. Ideal Vaccination Schedule 11 10. Methods of Individual Vaccination 12 11. Disease Prevention 13 12. Beak Trimming 16 13. How to limit Effect of Heat 17 14. How to distinguish laying from non laying birds 19 15. Egg Quality 19 16. Water 20 17 Record Keeping 23 18Read More The Communicable Disease: Pertussis Essay2293 Words   |  10 PagesThe Communicable Disease: Pertussis Pertussis is a highly infectious disease. It is also known as whooping cough. For more than a decade, pertussis has become a significant public health problem. CDC reports that since the 1980s, there has been an increase in the number of reported cases of pertussis in the United States (2011a). Worldwide, there are 30-50 million cases of pertussis and about 300,000 deaths per year (CDC, 2011a). Public Health Nurses play an important role in limiting the transmissionRead MoreDiseases and Its Impact on Humans6722 Words   |  27 PagesCSEC BIOLOGY SUMMER RESEARCH PAPER DISEASE amp; ITS IMPACT ON HUMANS This research is aimed at informing the reader on different types of diseases and the impact it has on humans. Enclosed herein are details on the types, treatments, transmissions and descriptions of different diseases in the region and around the world.

Homeland Security Policy The US Patriot Act

Question: Discuss about analysis of US Patriot Act? Answer: The US Patriot Act (USPA) was passed by the Congress after the terrorist attacks of 11th September, 2001. This act enabled the federal officers greater influence in the tracking and interception of the communications (Smith, 2003). Thos would support the law enforcement as well as the benefit of the foreign intelligence. It is also vested with the duty to regulate the corruption of US financial institutions for foreign money laundering, to close the borders to foreign terrorists and to detain the terrorist within the borders. The Act also puts forward new crimes, penalties and procedural techniques to use it against the domestic and the international terrorists (Best, Richard, Jr. (June 22, 2010)). The main purpose of the act is to prevent and punish the terrorist activities in the United States and the rest of the world. The other purposes that are included in this act are: The Act aims to assess the measurement of the US to detect and prosecute the financial laundering on terrorism. The Act also scrutinizes the foreign jurisdiction, foreign financial institutions and different kinds of financial transactions done in the international level to prevent criminal abuse. The Act aims to stop the use of the financial system of US by the corrupt officials for the personal gains and repatriation of stolen assets from the citizens. The attack on the September 11th was a fatal incident that hindered the human rights and the human security. This is because this incident killed innocent people and also the people had to face the tough regulations and restrictions on civil liberties. National security is regarded to be grave for the survival of any country or state. On the other hand the civil liberties are considered to be the building blocks of the national security (Van Cleef, 2004). The difference between the democracy and the dictatorship is derived from the peoples state when they face different internal and external threats. In this regard the anti-terrorism is like a war which needs to be fought for good ends but in this course the powers of the state must not be expanded. The USPA was passed after the attacks of September 11th which impact Americans as well as the rest of the people around the world. A 2002 Gallop survey revealed that nine Muslim countries had weak opinion about the US. According to Weathe rford, the political legitimacy depended on the interaction between the personal traits and the performance which must ensure that the political process, civic pride, interpersonal trust and government accountability are fair (Kraft Furlong, 2004). The USPA violates 1st, 4th, 5th, 6th, 8th, and 14th amendments that freedom of the citizens of unreasonable searches was removed because the government started to search for terrorism ('The U.S.A. Patriot Act of 2001: balancing civil liberties and national security: a reference handbook', 2005). The act also suppressed the right to public trial. There was two parts that were declared to be unconstitutional which is the search and the seizures as this meant violation of the privacy of the citizens (Swart, Lydia and Cile Page. (March 1, 2015)). Since the Act has a lot of flaws and ineffectiveness, it is regarded to be unethical because it compromises the personal lives of the people by disrupting the communication privacy in an unprecedent ed way (Warshawsky, 2013). References Smith, M. (2003). Government Relations: The USA Patriot Act.Academe,89(6), 93. doi:10.2307/40252568 The U.S.A. Patriot Act of 2001: balancing civil liberties and national security: a reference handbook. (2005).Choice Reviews Online,42(06), 42-3688-42-3688. doi:10.5860/choice.42-3688 Van Cleef, C. (2004). The USA PATRIOT Act: statutory analysis and regulatory implementation.Journal Of Financial Crime,11(1), 73-102. doi:10.1108/13590790410809059 Warshawsky, M. (2013). The Balance to be Found Between Civil Liberties and National Security.The RUSI Journal,158(2), 94-99. doi:10.1080/03071847.2013.787753 Kraft, M. E. Furlong, S. R. (2015). Public policy: Politics, analysis, and alternatives (5th ed.). Washington, DC: Sage Press. Hoffman, Joe. (nd). "Potential Health and Environmental Effects of Hydrofracking in the Williston Basin, Montana." On the Cutting Edge (National Association of Geoscience Teachers).Retrieved from https://serc.carleton.edu/NAGTWorkshops/health/case_studies/hydrofracking_w.html Korte, Gregory. (May 20, 2015). "Obama: Denying Climate Change Erodes National Security." USA Today. Retrieved fromhttps://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/2015/05/20/obama-climate-change-national-security-coast-guard/27628313/ Swart, Lydia and Cile Page. (March 1, 2015). "Changing the Composition of the Security Council: Is There a Viable Solution?" Center for UN Reform Education. Retrieved from https://www.centerforunreform.org/?q=node/629 Schwalbe, Stephen. (2013). "It's Time for the US to Become Non-Nuclear." Policy Studies Organization, no. 9. Retrieved from https://www.ipsonet.org/proceedings/wp-content/uploads/2013/09/Schwalbe-Nuclear-Arsenal-PSO.pdf Best, Richard, Jr. (June 22, 2010). "Intelligence Reform After Five Years: The Role of the Director of National Intelligence." Congressional Research Service.Retrieved from https://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/intel/R41295.pdf Jason, Brian. (March 2006). "Regulation of Political Signs in Private Homeowner Associations: A New Approach." Vanderbilt Law Review, Vol. 59, Issue 2. Retrieved from https://search.proquest.com.ezproxy1.apus.edu/docview/198952568?pq-origsite=summonaccountid=8289

Alternate Dispute Resolution at Darden Restaurants and Hooters of America Essays

Alternate Dispute Resolution at Darden Restaurants and Hooters of America Essays Alternate Dispute Resolution at Darden Restaurants and Hooters of America Paper Alternate Dispute Resolution at Darden Restaurants and Hooters of America Paper ADR at Darden Restaurants and Hooters of America More companies are turning to alternate dispute resolution (ADR) as an alterative to the judicial system for settling employee disputes. There are some clear advantages and disadvantages to ADR for both employers and employees. The best-designed ADR programs are those that are fair and impartial. A good ADR program should seek to find the best possible outcome for both parties while saving time and money and preserving relationships. The least effective ADR programs tend to be unfair and perpetuate the imbalance and bargaining power discrepancy frequently found in employer-employee relationships. In this paper, I will compare the ADR programs of Darden Restaurants and Hooters of America. My basis for comparison will be measured primarily on how well they address the advantages of ADR equally for the employer and the employee. It should be noted that Darden’s is considered to be a model program due to its comprehensiveness and fairness. By contrast – perhaps unsurprisingly – it is disappointing to see that Hooters has constructed an ADR program that offers little justice to its employees. Advantages of using ADR ADR can save vast amounts of time and money. While lawsuits can take years and thousands of dollars to settle, through ADR, conflicts can often be resolved in a matter of weeks or months at a greatly reduced cost. There are potential savings in court costs, attorney fees, and expert witness fees when a dispute is settled through mediation, arbitration, or a combination of both. Potential disadvantages of ADR are the wasted time and increased cost that are incurred when a dispute goes through ADR but still ends up in court. At Darden, there are four ways to resolve workplace disputes – Open Door Policy, Peer Review, Mediation, and Arbitration. Each is designed to encourage settlement without litigation and each is promoted as an effective alternative to litigation that is fair to all parties. The first step toward resolving disputes at Darden is use of the open door policy. If the employee is not satisfied with the first three steps of the ADR program mentioned above, the matter can move on to the final step: arbitration. The court has determined that the Darden program appears to meet the legal tests for ADR. It is important to note that Darden does not expect to reduce expenses via reduction in the payout of damages and compensation to employees with legitimate claims; rather, their expected cost savings lies in reducing court-related fees. In stark contrast, Hooters’ ADR program is a one-sided agenda designed to help the company win arbitration cases and save time and money. The ADR program takes advantage of the company’s superior bargaining power: employees must sign the agreement to arbitrate disputes in order to be eligible for raises, transfers, and promotions. Employees are allowed only five days to review and decide if they will accept or reject the agreement. Hooters’ ADR agreement states that the company has the right to change the rules and procedures at any time – even while in the midst of an arbitration proceeding – without notice. In addition, the rules require employees to disclose their cases to the company, along with a list of witnesses and a record of facts known to each witness. Hooters, meanwhile, is not required to reciprocate by disclosing the details of its defense. The United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit summed it up by stating that the Hooters rules are â€Å"so one-sided that their only purpose is to undermine the neutrality of the (arbitration) proceeding. † The basis for a workable ADR program is that it should guarantee neutrality; a neutral party is hired or retained to hear and decide on cases. At Darden, the choice of a neutral party is governed by outside rules preventing abuse in the selection of a biased arbitrator or mediator. The neutrals at the proceedings are experts belonging to the American Arbitration Association (AAA). AAA is a public-service, non-profit organization serving businesses and government. Meanwhile, Hooters’ mechanism for selecting a panel of three arbitrators is crafted to ensure a biased decision maker. The employee and the company each select an arbitrator. These two arbitrators in turn select the third arbitrator. The biggest problem with this process is that all of the arbitrators must be selected from a list created exclusively by the company. Hooters can nominate its managers or select arbitrators who have a financial interest in the company to be placed on the list. Anyone deemed as being against the company can be taken off the list. ADR is a legitimate and potentially highly beneficial alternative to litigation, and its use can save employers and employees both time and money. ADR can decrease the adversarial dynamic between parties and offer greater flexibility in settlements. Further, it provides the potential to preserve business relationships. Darden Restaurants has a good ADR program that addresses these issues.

How any two functions of management can Assist an organization manage workforce diversity

How any two functions of management can Assist an organization manage workforce diversity Executive Summary The world we live in today is full of business activities almost in all sectors of the world’s economy. This has in some instances led to increased competition or demand and in rare cases both situations happen concurrently. As such, it is important that the modern managers are well equipped with the essential skills required in the management of these organizations (Valentine Woods, 2010).Advertising We will write a custom report sample on How any two functions of management can Assist an organization manage workforce diversity specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It is because of this, that the key management functions were laid down for the managers to follow in order to ensure the success of their businesses. Among the key functions of management, include planning, controlling organizing and directing. The aim of this report is to analyse two of these key management functions and determine how they can be eff ectively integrated into the business to achieve a diverse workforce. The report will be based on a fictional company in the banking industry known as the Urban Bank Ltd. Later on in the report, factors that hinder or support the implementation of the key management roles to achieving a diverse workforce in an organization will be looked. In addition, rrecommendations on how managers can effectively improve their skills to ensure a diverse workforce will be mentioned. Introduction Business has become an integral part of the modern society. Almost all activities carried out in each society revolve around businesses ranging from academic institutions, companies, banks, to churches just to mention a few (Valentine Woods, 2010). This is an indication of how important business enterprises are to the people in the society. However, for these businesses to be successful and overcome the current global competition being experienced, they have to be properly managed. The top rated personnel of the enterprise, referred to as the managers, normally carry out these management functions (Carrol and Gillen, 1987, p.30). The managers are obliged to carry out four main management functions, which include, directing, organizing, planning, and controlling. Other duties of the managers such as staffing and disciplinary may be delegated to special departments such as the human resources department.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This report will address two of the main functions of the management and analyze how these functions can assist an organization manage its workforce diversity. The report will be based on a fictional company in the banking sector named as Urban Bank. In order to address this issue effectively, data from related companies in this case, the banking industry will be used to make inferences. Such data is available from journals and compan ies’ publications. In writing the report, several assumptions will be made given the fact that Urban Bank is a fictional company. Some of these include, assuming the existence of the company in the real market, whereby Urban Bank will be expected to be trade its stock in the stock market. Background The Urban Bank Ltd is one of the latest entrants in the Australian banking industry. Just like most of the other banks, Urban Bank began as a money lending institution of the low-income workers in the country. As a cooperative society, it catered for the needs of the people with low income such as factory workers, workers in the construction industry and farmers among others. It operated as a cooperative society for 15 years before being elevated to the level of a bank. Its expansion eventually led to more operations, which required more workforces. This is because it now serves more people than it served before. Given this demand, it therefore, essential that the entire workforce of Urban Bank be trained on the huge task ahead, and how they can possibly handle it to ensure success of the company. In this, the report will evaluate two of the key functions of management and discuss them in detail before looking at factors that support and constrain the management in ensuring a diverse workforce. Lastly, recommendations will be made by giving suggestions to be implemented by the management team of the bank. Discussion An evaluation of the two management theories As mentioned earlier in the report, this section will evaluate two of the key management functions in organizations. These functions will be geared towards the achievement of a diverse workforce in organizations. The management functions to be discussed are planning and organizing functions of managers.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on How any two functions of management can Assist an organization manage workforce diversity specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Planning is a crucial function of the management, which essentially entails looking at the future and determines the action to be taken in the present or later to avoid problems in the future (Management Study Guide, 2008, p.1). Several scholars have defined the term planning: â€Å"According to Koontz O’Donnell, â€Å"Planning is deciding in advance what to do, how to do, and who is to do it. Planning bridges the gap between where we are to, where we want to go. It makes possible things to occur which would not otherwise occur† (Management Study Guide, 2008, p.1). According to Urwick, â€Å"Planning is a mental predisposition to do things in orderly way, to think before acting and to act in the light of facts rather than guesses†( Management Study Guide, 2008, p.1). In planning, several factors have to be put into consideration including the determination of the available and prospective resources of the organization. These resources ent ail the human and physical resources. On the other hand, the organizing function of the management is responsible for bringing together the resources of the organization in a bid to achieving its goals and objectives. One scholar by the name Henry Fayol defined organizing as the provision of the organization with all its needs such as capital, raw materials, and personnel. Planning at Urban Bank Ltd Just as it is in other organizations, planning is the most crucial function of the management in the banking sector. Given the risks that are associated with banks, it is of essence that Urban Bank Ltd take the planning function with great significance. As such, all plans should be tested for their appropriateness before being implemented in the organization. For example, when it comes to the forex market trading, the bank is required to keep on making new plans given the outcome of the situation in the market. This means that the bank managers will remain on toes to ensure that the bank does not incur losses. It can thus be concluded that planning is an operational risk function of the banking institutions. Types of plans It is important that the planning function be carried out systematically given its sensitivity in the success of the organization. Once the management has laid down the goals and objectives it would like to achieve, they get down determining the types of plans to be put in place. The list of plans to be put in place by the management of the Urban Bank is endless.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This is because of the many areas of operation within the banking system. Among the plans, include internal plans, product plans such as Accounts, loans and other products offered by banks, growth plans, investment plans, expansion and strategic plans (Berry, 1996, p.1). All the aforementioned plans are instrumental in almost all organisations with the only difference coming in the types of sectors. As for the case of Urban bank, it ought to put plans with regard to the services it offers to the public. For instance, the management should plan on how to attract more people into the bank by offering attractive interest rates. Other than this, the management should plan on the future investments to be made regarding the expansion of the bank among other developments. In addition to this, Urban bank is expected to put in place plans of providing training to its workforce, especially those that were part of the transition of the bank from a cooperative society. The plan should include t raining of all the essential duties of a bank, which are different from those of cooperative societies. Similarly, the workforce should be trained on being proactive given the high competition faced by banks in order to ensure the success of the Urban Bank Ltd. Environmental Audit Among the various issues that have to be planned by any banking institution, is that of the environmental audit. An environmental audit generally entails the valuation of management systems required to be put in place in order to ensure compliance to the environmental regulations. The environmental audits are carried out in a way similar to the regular financial audits carried out by almost all organizations. As for the case of environmental audits, they are of two types, which are the management systems audits and compliance audits. The compliance audits are carried out with the intention of determining if the operations of the organization comply with the regulations of the environmental bodies. The mana gement systems audit on the other hand is intended to determine if the operations of the organisation are in line with the organisation’s systems such as the famous ISO systems (Hill, Bowen, Soboil, 1997, p.27). Given the sensitivity of the matters of an environmental audit, it is important that the management of an organisation plan the process early enough to ensure its success. Similarly, due to the significance of the environmental audits to organizations, planning is a requirement to ensure the attainment of the goals and objectives of the audit. Therefore, Urban Bank Ltd has to ensure that proper planning of the environmental audits is done before embarking on the real process. Benchmarking This is yet another important duty carried out by the management of an organization through the planning division. In benchmarking, an organization compares the processes of its operations with those of its business counterparts in a bid to gauge its performance (Boxwell, 1994, p.22 5). For instance, Urban Bank could compare its results with those from other banks on the same level in order to determine its performance. From the data collected through benchmarking, an organization is able to know its position among other companies in the same industry, thus be able to fill any loopholes discovered. On the other hand, if the performance is okay, then the organization puts in place plans of making their performance even better. The Organising function at Urban Bank The structure of Urban Bank Ltd Urban Bank just like the other banks in the banking industry has an organizational structure whose duty is to ensure proper appropriation of the organization’s resources. The bank is structured in such a way that there is the front office, middle and the back office. In each of the three segments of the bank, different operations or activities take place. As such, different resources are required in each section. For instance, the front office is mainly composed o f the telling and clerical duties. Reception duties are also evident in the front office. This is an indication that the junior staff of the bank will be found in the front office. The middle office serves duties such as audit functions among other duties such as accounting. The back office is the most senior segment of the bank, which involves the top management team. As such, the back office is responsible for the key management roles such as decision-making. It is also important to note that the middle office acts as the intermediary between the front and back offices. HRM Resources The human resource of any organization is a crucial part of the organization as this department runs almost all duties. Despite the efforts of trying to automate almost all operations of organizations, there are still a big number of the operations that have to be carried out by the human resources. For instance, the banking systems have installed the ATMs for people to carry out their banking duties individually, yet you still find long queues in the banks waiting to be served over the counter by tellers. This is an indication that banks require human resource by a great deal. As such, the management of the bank ought to ensure that the human resources are properly organized to accomplish effectively the operations of the bank, hence its success. Factors that support and constrain the management in ensuring a diverse workforce During the execution of its functions in an organization, the management is bound to encounter factors that support or constrain its duties (Robbins et al, 2009). Some of the supporting factors include aid from the government, regulatory bodies as well as other organizations in the industry. For instance, in the case of Urban Bank Ltd, it may get the support of the central bank of the country of operation. This support could involve financial aid or advisory services, which will eventually lead to its success in the market. Some of the constraint factors include competition, insufficient information, the economy of the nation and uncooperative managers (Norman, 2012, p.1). These factors will prevent the functions of management from being carried out efficiently; something could adversely affect the organization from ensuring a diverse workforce. This is because in the event an organisation is not running smoothly, the workforce is also at risk. Conclusion From the discussion above, it is clear that the success of any organization is dependent on how it carries out the key management functions. In this report, two of the key management roles have been discussed, looking at how they can be effectively applied in organizations especially on the fictional bank, Urban bank Ltd in this case. Other than the two functions discussed in the report, all organizations should strive towards integrating all the key management roles for better achievement of the organizational goals (Robbins et al, 2009). As for the case of Urban Bank Ltd, its man agers should ensure proper organization of the human resources as well as proper planning of the organizational needs in terms of human resources in order to achieve a diverse workforce. For instance, the company should begin with training of the staff to make them acquainted with the new operations that emerged after the elevation of the bank. Recommendations The first thing the managers of Urban Bank should do is to plan on how they will train their workforce to suit their new status of a bank. The management should attend seminars of leaders in the banking sector so that they can get more information on the same. They should get down to benchmarking in order to gauge their performance. It is also important that as the company puts in place measures of ensuring a diverse workforce, it also find ways of overcoming the constraints of its goal achievement. This means that the organization should hold interactive sessions with the members of its workforce so that they may air out v iews on where they need improvements. Finally yet importantly, the management of the bank should find ways of motivating their workforce. For instance, they could give them incentives such as leaves, retreats, and gifts among others. Reference List Berry, T. (1996). The Different Types of Plans. Bplans. Web. Boxwell, R. (1994). Benchmarking for Competitive Advantage. New York: McGraw-Hill. Carrol, S., and Gillen, D. (1987). Are the Classical Management Functions Useful in Describing Managerial Work? Academy of Management Review 12 (1): 28-51. Hill, R.C., Bowen, P.A., Soboil J.H. (1997). The role of environmental management systems in construction. Australian Institute of Building Papers 8: 27-39. Management Study Guide. (2008). Planning Function of Management. Management  study guide.com. Web. Norman, L. (2012). What Factors Can Affect Planning Function of Management?  Chron.com. Web. Robbins, S., Bergman, R., Stagg, I. Coulter, M. (2009). Fundamentals of  management (3rd e d.). Frenchs Forest: Pearson. Valentine, T. Woods, M. (2010). Management in focus: The global financial crisis. Frenchs Forest: Pearson.

Banking System and Monetary Policy in Portugal report Essay

Banking System and Monetary Policy in Portugal report - Essay Example All of these threats pose serious challenges to the overall health of the Portuguese economy and hence corrective measures are needed to correct the flaws in the system and to make it more competitive and self-sustaining. The assessment of banking system shows that the procedure for borrowing money from banks is easier than other EU countries. As a result, the household debt is as large as 120% of the income. Unemployment trend in the Portuguese economy is also very alarming. It is growing exponentially and poses serious threats to the policy makers to devise strategies to curb this trend. Unemployment can be dangerous for any economy and Portuguese economy is no exception. Unemployment reduces the production potential of a country and results in less output being produced than what can be produced. This hampers the economic growth of an economy and leads government into paying unemployment benefits funds for which the government has to indulge in debt financing. Debt financing can b e very dangerous to an economy in the long-run. Current unemployment rate of Portugal stands at around 11%. (Lipsey and Chrystal, 2003) The fiscal situation of the Portuguese economy shows another flaw in the financial system of the country. Portugal is highly geared and has large levels of debt financing. In fact the debt financing ration has crossed the sixty percent of the GDP mark in the recent years. This makes the Portuguese economy more susceptible to international borrowing and aid which has negative effects in the long-run. According to the estimates published by Banco de Portugal and IMF, the current account position of the country is growing out of control. In the recent years, the current account deficit has widened to around 72% of the total trade carried out by the country. Portugal has been using Euro as its official currency since 1 January 1999. Before that the official currency of Portugal was Escudo. The reason why Portugal shifted to Euro was the weak position of its currency. It was weak and unstable making it very difficult to carryout international trade using Escudo as a â€Å"unit of account† and a base for setting of prices and settling of accounts. As a result, it was deemed that a country like Portugal moved to a more stable monetary base and system that would allow itself to carry out its international trade with traders not having to worry about the fluctuations in Escudo. European Central Bank is playing a vital role in maintain the economic stability throughout the Eurozone. ECB is also responsible for setting up the monetary policy of Portugal and other countries that use Euro as a base currency. Euro banknotes are also issued by ECB and only coins can be issued by the member states and that also only after the consent of ECB. (Eurostar, 2010) Portugal is an active trader in the international markets. It understands the importance of international trade and actively participates in international trade for the mutual bene fits of its importing and exporting partners. Its major imports include wine, fish, agricultural products, computers and heavy machinery. Similarly, Portugal mainly exports wood, copper, clothing and other important minerals. The most important trading partners of Portugal are Spain and Germany which have the highest percentage of trade of done with Portugal. The overall condition of

Microaggressions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Microaggressions - Essay Example Having a friend who belongs to the said racial group though, I felt that it was demeaning. As I recall now those episodes in high school, I realize that I was probably not just a witness then. Although I somehow felt that those microinsults were really demeaning, my passivity or inaction towards such incidents was probably reflective of my own distinct biases to people of color. It was clear that students who were clearly not Caucasians were being treated as second-class citizens. However, it was not just because they were of color that they were treated as such. Most of the African American students in high school did not come from well-off families. Their economic status was also a factor that contributed to the treatment. I believe that passivity towards the issue then could be attributed to the fact that while I might not have been very particular about race, I held the belief that society is stratified on the basis of economic status and that such status quo should be maintained. Incidentally, most African Americans and other students of non-Caucasian lineage that I knew in high school were relatively not well-off compared to many of the whites. It was because of this concept that made me think that their being second-class citizens has made them vulnerable to microinsults. I was caught between my belief that they should expect such treatment as second-class citizens and my tendency to develop sympathy to their plight. Such sympathy, however, was also constrained with the idea that in stratified society, such treatment is only normal. Not knowing how to react to over racism, I managed to make a stand that I now realize to be a case of microinvalidation. As I tried to make friends with fellow African American students, I actually introduced myself to them as being color-blind. Every time I meet African Americans whom I wanted to make friends with, I always try to insinuate that I do not mind about the color of one’s skin. Through different ways of

Microphase Separation of Miktoarm Star Copolymers

Microphase Separation of Miktoarm Star Copolymers Abstract: Miktoarm star shaped copolymers have attracted much attention due to their unique shape and intriguing properties compared to the linear block copolymers, including compact structure, higher critical micelle concentration, lower viscosity, efficient synthetic routes and wide range of morphologies. The different synthetic routes such as anionic polymerization and controlled radical polymerization have made it possible to synthesis diverse molecular architecture of copolymer and these diverse architectured copolymers give numerous morphologies. For example, Archimedean tiling patterns and cylindrical microdomains at symmetric volume fraction for miktoarm star copolymers, which have not been reported for linear block copolymers. This paper summarizes the morphology and microphase separation of miktoarm star copolymers with nonlinear architecture. Introduction: Block copolymers have attracted considerable attention because of their morphologies and nanophase structures such as spheres, cylinders, bicontinuous, and lamellae. These morphologies show due to the interacting repulsive force between the components, which particularly affected by the phase separation, which strongly depends on volume fraction of the blocks, the degree of polymerization, entropy variation with molecular weight, the Flory-Huggins interaction parameter, and the molecular architecture of the block copolymers.1–4 All of these nanostructure have been widely used in various field such as optoelectronics, microelectronics, and nanotechnology for various applications such as templates, nanoreactors, membranes, optical materials, and data storage media.5–15 6–8 In particular, in the field of pharmaceutical, vesicles of miktoarm star shaped copolymer have been used as drug delivery vehicles. In comparison to any other linear block copolymers, star shaped or miktoarm star shaped copolymers show diverse morphology and physical properties due to their different molecular architecture. For instance, unimolecular micelles of star copolymers displayed much higher stablility than the micelles of linear block copolymers because in the star shaped copolymer the arms are covalently connected to the central core. These highly stable micelles of star shaped copolymer have been using to synthesis monodisperse colloidal nanocrystal. 19-22 In the linear diblock copolymers (AB) and linear triblock terpolymers (ABC), the morphologies or microphase structure are mostly governed by the volume fraction of one of the blocks (fA, fB = 1- fA) and one interaction parameter (χAB), and two volume fraction parameters (fA, fB, fC = 1- fA fB) and three interaction parameters (χAB, χBC, χCA), respectively. For example, spherical or cylindrical microdomains are only observed at asymmetric volume fractions, while lamellar microdomains are shown at symmetric volume fractions in diblock copolymers. However, nonlinear or mitoarm star shaped copolymers showed cylindrical microdomains even at symmetric volume fraction due to the molecular architecture. Miktoarm star copolymers (sometimes called asymmetric star copolymers, heteroarm star copolymer or simply miktoarm copolymer) are star shaped copolymer, consist of heteroarms covalently joined to a central core with different chemical compositions or molecular weights For example, AmBn miktoarm star copolymer where, m arms of A homopolymer and n arms of B homopolymer are linked to a central core, while in the star-shaped copolymers homoarms with identical chemical compositions are covalently joined to a central core. For instance, (A-b-B)n star-shaped copolymer where, n arms of A-b-B diblock copolymer are connected to a central core. Here the first written A block represents the inner block (core) and B block is the outer block (shell) of star shaped copolymer, as shown in Fig: 1. Fig: 1 Schematic architectures of (a) miktoarm star copolymers (AmBn) and (b) star-shaped copolymers ((A-b-B)n). Miktoarm star shaped copolymers morphologies and their characterization: The effect of molecular architecture on miktoarm star shaped copolymers morphologies has been extensively investigated theoretically and experimentally. Theoretical investigation: In 1996, Milner 36 first reported theoretical phase diagram of AnBn miktoarm star shaped copolymers at the strong segregation limit. The morphology and microphase separation are determined by the competition between reduction of interfacial tension and the increase in stretching free energy as the copolymer blocks stretch away from the interface. Fig 2: Phase diagram of AnBn miktoarm star shaped copolymers at the strong segregation limit as a function of volume fraction of the B monomer (φB), with increasing asymmetric parameter ÃŽ µ = (nA/nB)(lA/lB)1/2, where nA, nB are the numbers of A and B blocks, and lA, lB are characteristic lengths of A and B, respectively. In 1997, Floudas 37 calculated spinodal curves for the series of ABn miktoarm star shaped copolymers based on mean field theory. The results of the lower number of the series are plotted in Fig 3. The plot indicates that the critical value of the χNt (Nt = Na + nNb) of ABn miktoarm star copolymers is higher than that of diblock copolymers. Therefore, the microphase separation for ABn miktoarm copolymers becomes more difficult. It also indicates that the maximum critical value of χNt appears at n=3 (for AB3 miktoarm copolymers). Fig 3: (a) The spinodal curves (χNt vs. fA) for diblock and ABn miktoarm star copolymers with three different values of n (2, 3, and 4). (b) Critical values of χNt plotted as a function of the number of arms of the B block. In 2004, Grason and Kamien38 have calculated phase diagrams of AmBn miktoarm star copolymers for m = 1 with n = 2, 3, 4, and 5 using self consistent field theory (SCFT), but they did not consider the perforated lamellar (PL) and Fddd (O70, orthorhombic and single-network structure) phases. Later, in 2012, Matsen39 calculated the phase diagram for AB2 miktoarm star copolymer and found perforated lamellae (PL) and Fddd (O70), phases near gyroid phase (Fig 4). Fig 4: Theoretical phase diagram of AB2 miktoarm star copolymers with PL and Fddd phases. Experimental investigation: ABC Miktoarm Star Terpolymer: Matsushita and coworkers74–76 have investigated microphase separation of AxByCz miktoarm star terpolymers. For that they classified the molecular architecture into different series like I1.0S1.0Px1, I1.0SyP2.0, and I1.0S1.8Px2 where I = polyisoprene, S = polystyrene and P = poly (2-vinylpyridine) and 0.2≠¤ x ≠¤ 10, 1.1≠¤ x ≠¤ 2.7 and 3.2≠¤ x2 ≠¤ 53. In all the TEM images and morphologies, I domain represented by black, S domain by white and P domain by gray color. Fig. 5 compares TEM images for the series, I1.0S1.0Px1. In figure 2(a) for the sample, I1.0S1.0P0.2, spheres of the highly minor component P are sandwiched with lamellae of two major components, I and S, which is called spheres sandwiched with lamellae. Figure 2(b) is a tiling structure as a cross-sectional view of a cylindrical structure from the sample, I1.0S1.0P0.7. This is one of the 12 Archimedean tiling structures. Figure 2(c) is a lamellar structure for the sample I1.0S1.0P3.0, where one of the lamellae is composed of other lamellae, which is called lamellae-in-lamella structure. Figure 2(d) for the sample I1.0S1.0P10 shows cylinders composed of alternating columnar I and S discs, the cylinders being packed hexagonally in a P matrix: this pattern is called a lamellae-in-cylinder structure. Fig 5: Various morphologies of the type I1.0S1.0Px1. X1 values are (a) 0.2, (b) 0.7, (c) 3 and (d) 10. Fig. 6 compares the TEM images of structures series, I1.0SyP2.0, where two Archimedean tilings, (4.6.12) and (4.8.8) can be recognized easily in figure 6(a) for I1.0S1.3P2.0 and in figure 6(c) for I1.0S2.3P2.0 while another (3.3.4.3.4) tiling is seen in figure 6(b) for (I1.0S2.7P2.0) where the I (dark) and S (bright) domains are opposite to Fig 5(a) because of the composition difference. Fig 6: Tiling structures for I1.0SyP2.0. (a) I1.0S1.3P2.0 (b) I1.0S2.3P2.0 and (c) I1.0S2.7P2.0 Fig 7(a) is the SAXS diffraction image for I1.0S2.3P2.0, in this pattern there are 12 diffraction spots in the lower q region, four of which belong to {20} and the other eight to {21}. From careful data analyses, it shows that this pattern is corresponded to the Archimedean tiling (3.3.4.3.4) (Fig 7(b)). Fig 7: (a) SAXS diffraction image for I1.0S2.3P2.0. and (b) the corresponding real-space image. The TEM images for the series, I1.0S1.8Px2 are reported in Fig 8, where Fig 8(a) for the sample, I1.0S1.8P3.2, shows I and S domains form gyroid membrane in the P domain. Figure 8(b) for I1.0S1.8P6.4 and 8(c) for I1.0S1.8P53 show cylinder-in-lamella and hierarchical structure, respectively. Fig 8: TEM images for (a) I1.0S1.8P3.2 (b) I1.0S1.8P3.2 and (c) I1.0S1.8P3.2 Fig 9 summarizes microphase separation observed for IxSyPz miktoarm star terpolymers with different volume ratios between the arms. Fig 9: Kaleidoscopic morphologies from the IxSyPz miktoarm star shaped block terpolymer system. (a) Lamellae-in-sphere, (b) lamellae-in-cylinder, (c) cylinder-in-lamella, (d) hyperbolic tiling, (e) zinc blende, (f) sphere-sandwiched-with-lamella, (g) Archimedean tiling and (h) lamellae-in-lamella.

Global Warming Essay -- Environmental Global Climate Change

Today, scientist argue over the consequences of global warming. Scientist say that the heating of the atmosphere can influence many health problems. Some of the related problems due to global warming are death to heat waves and other climate changes, and infectious diseases. With the atmosphere temperature rising, we all will be at risk. The climate not only harms our bodies, it can also harm our crops and waters.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Floods and droughts associated with global warming can undermine our health in other ways. The heat that is produced can damage our crops. The temperature will allow our crops to be infected with diseases and infestations such as pests and weeds. By destroying our crops, this can lead to malnutrition world wide. With the weather being so intense, this can alter our water cycles. With the extra water condensing, this will lead to larger downpours. While the oceans are heating, so is the land. If the land heats up, dry areas can become highly perched. When parching enlarges, the pressure gradients can cause winds to develop, leading to turbulent winds, tornadoes, and other powerful storms. With altered pressure, global warming can affect where storms, floods, and droughts occur. Another way climate change can affect human health is climate change in the ecosystem.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ecosystem upheaval is one of the most profound ways in which climate change can effect human health. Pest control is one of nature’s underappreciated services to people. Well-fun...

Boston Beer Company SWOT Analysis

The Boston Beer Company is currently the largest craft beer company in the United States, however, the craft beer industry is growing in an otherwise shrinking market increasing the amount of serious competition that The Boston Beer Company is facing. In order to stay on top of the industry, The Boston Beer Company needs to find new, innovative ways of being the most appealing craft beer available to the average consumer.While The Boston Beer Company offers many different varieties of seasonal beer, they should begin to shift their focus to year-round specialty beers, such as a line of regional flavors based on their consumer’s regional taste preferences. Different regions across the United States have different taste preferences. American’s taste preferences are learned and tend to be centered on the type of food and flavors they consumed when they were growing up.Depending on the region that one grew up in, what culture influenced the local cuisine, and what spices we re readily available to cook with, consumers will tend to have varying tastes and flavor combinations. Consumers in the New Orleans area might prefer a beer with more of a Cajun-spice undertone while consumers in the Southwest United States might prefer a beer with more of a jalapeno or habanero spice undertone. Companies ranging from manufactures of potato chips to BBQ sauce market specific flavors to particular regions across the United States.If the flavor does especially well, then it is slowly released in other regions across the country. There are many different craft beer companies that provide regional flavors across the United States. These craft brewers tend to be much smaller in size than the Boston Beer Company therefore limiting the scope of their reach. The Boston Beer Company already has developed a presence across the United States, allowing the brewer to reach many more customers than their competitors. However, the Boston Beer Company has a variety of flavors that are available in all markets.By segmenting the market into different regions and focusing on regional preferences, they will be better equipped to compete with the smaller, regional competitors. By focusing on popular regional flavors, the Boston Beer Company will be able to increase their market share across the United States and compete with the smaller, local craft beer brewers on a more personalized level. Currently Sam Adams has a 19% share of the overall craft beer market but only a 1% share of the overall beer market.By increasing the overall market share, hopefully the Boston Beer Company will be able to increase their stake in the craft beer company by 6%, bringing their overall share to 25% and increase their presence in the overall beer market by 4%, bringing their share to 5%. As their market shares increase it is reasonable to presume that revenues will also rise. Over the last couple of years Boston Beer Company averaged an increase in revenues of 12% per year. If mark et share increases, then sales should hopefully increase by 8% bringing their annual revenue increase to 20% from the previous year.The first step to achieving these goals is to conduct a market study in each designated region (Far West, South East, Rocky Mountains, Plains, Great Lakes, South East, Mid-East and New England) focusing on the target demographic, 21-30 year olds with a disposable income, to determine which large cities would be more likely to support a nano-brewery, a very small brewery that brews several hundred 10 gallon batches of beer for sampling purposes, almost like a test kitchen, and be a viable test market. An outside, nationwide consultant firm should be hired to begin the regional studies.Market studies should focus on current local craft beers, number of local bars, and current market for new craft beers. Studies should begin at the beginning of the fiscal year and should be completed no later than the end of the second quarter. Each regional study should n ot exceed $75,000. Representatives from the outside consulting firm will report their finding to a carefully determined committee consisting of representatives from the following departments: Research and Development, Sales, Distribution, Real Estate, Finance, and Operations. The committee will then determine the cities with the most potential to move forward with.Representatives from the Real Estate Department will search the area for existing small, already existing brewery locations available to lease or rent. If no pre-existing locations are available, then competitors with the potential to buy out will be identified. Ideally, leases will be signed for a 7 year term, with the option to extend the lease after 5 years. All locations should be determined by the end of the third quarter. As soon as the areas are identified, members of the Human Resource Department will begin searching for Brew Master to run and operate each of the new nano-brewery locations.These Brew Masters can be identified from current brewery locations or from competitors local to the new locations. Training on the methods and policies of the Boston Beer Company should be immediately upon identification. Boston Beer Company should then conduct regional market studies to determine potential flavors for each specific region based off existing local craft breweries and popular regional flavor combinations. Each smaller market study should be conducted by local consulting firms who already have an understanding of the demographics and culture of the region they are studying.These studies should be completed by the end of the fourth quarter and should not exceed $25,000 each. The representatives of each consulting firms will meet with the existing committee to discuss their findings. Research and Development will look at the feasibility of each potential flavor combination and begin working with the Master Brewers for each nano-brewery location to begin production. After locations are determin ed and nano-breweries are functioning Boston Beer Company should conduct a test with a sample population from our target demographic to determine which beers should be put into production.After Master Brewers have several test batches of beer completed a sample population of volunteers will test the beers and provide feedback to the Master Brewers. The surveys and taste tests will be conducted by contracted local market research companies. Potential candidates for the survey and taste tests could be found on local university campuses and military bases, as the members of these groups tend to fall into the desired age demographic and are likely to consume alcoholic beverages in a social setting.Each study should have at least 200 participants, covering a wide variety of taste preferences and demographic back grounds. Instead of monetary compensation, participants will be paid with free beer samples and a case of any currently existing Sam Adams beer product, thereby cutting down on e xpenses. The market research company will provide transportation for study participants in order to insure no member of the research party will drive after consumption of alcohol. Each market study should be no more than $5,000 and be completed over the course of a period (one month).Master Brewers and 5 selected members of the research and development team will then take the compiled feedback and analyze the data provided. The group will be looking for any common trends, such as beers that score high on taste and appeal to decide which beer flavors to pursue and what adjustments, if any, need to be made to less desirable flavors. Lastly, Boston Beer Company should work with local bars and pubs and arrange mutual beneficial agreements where they are able to place newly created flavors on tap for three to six months to determine the beer’s popularity in the regional market.If the beer flavor remains popular for a year, then it will be sent to the brewery in Georgia and be put into increased production and sold to grocery stores and other outlets in bottled form. Local sales of the flavors available in bottled form will be closely monitored in order to determine overall approval. If the sales continue to grow for an extended period of time, roughly one year, than studies will be conducted in other regions to determine if a national release would be profitable.Each region should have their own regional sales team to carefully monitor the local markets in order to find key local bars and regional festivals in which the Boston Beer Company will be able to show case their new flavors. Another critical issue faced by Boston Beer Company is maintaining the freshness of the beer as is passes through the distribution system from the breweries to the direct consumers. To maintain the beers freshness, Boston Beer should construct or acquire more company owned breweries throughout the U. S. to align themselves in better geographical positions in order to reduce stoc kpiling of inventory for wholesalers and distributors.They should do so through the use of efficient information systems that provide accurate forecasts and real-time data. Boston Beer should work with the distributors on developing and integrating such systems. By constructing and acquiring more company owned breweries, Boston Beer can maintain its superior product quality and always give the customer the freshest beer in their selection choice in any environment.The initial costs of expanding will be offset by repeat customers who desire quality beer, which will lead to increased revenues and a greater market share in the industry. Without the additional breweries, Boston Beer Company will continue to store inventory for long periods of time in order to keep up with the demand for the product, but with the new breweries, Boston Beer Company will be able to implement more of a Just in Time approach to inventory management.Also, with the new breweries in better geographical position s Boston Beer will be able to provide its  wholesalers and distributors inventory much quicker than before, thus reducing the size of each order. As opposed to ordering enough inventory to get them through to the next shipment, wholesalers and distributors will order less inventory, but at a more constant rate. Since the orders will be more constant, but much smaller, Accounts Receivable for Boston Beer Company will decrease. To achieve these goals, first, a real estate campaign will go into effect in the first quarter of 2014 to identify real estate properties in Texas.Representatives from the Real Estate Department will search the Texas area for existing already existing brewery locations available to lease or rent. If no such establishment is available, then the representatives will begin searching for possible build locations. Boston will implement the Texas project only if the cost for full implementation is less than $45 million. The company would like to see their new compa ny owned brewery in operation by the fourth quarter of 2014. The campaign will also evaluate breweries in Georgia in the same fashion.The breweries in Georgia will, hopefully, be leased for 5-7 years with the option of renewing the contract after 5 years to maintain their presence in the supply chain network if their efforts prove successful. They will take their findings to the board and display why they chose those potential properties and breweries. The board will consider the value of each property and brewery to determine what implications the proposed projects in those areas will have on their supply chain network. The board has the final say in whether those projects will be taken.The Finance Department will undergo analysis of the capital structure of the Texas brewery and determine the level of debt taken as long as the level of equity is within the board’s set limit of 55%-65%. Final authorization will, however, remain with the board. Once the breweries have been ei ther built or leased, production of beer will begin. This action step will be fully integrated with the action step from the previous critical issue. The new Texas brewery will begin production of Boston Beer Company’s core products, including Sam Adams Boston Lager and Rebel IPA, as well as seasonal beers, including Winter Lager and Summer Ale.Georgia, on the other hand, will focus purely on the specialty beers and the regional beers mentioned previously. Once a new beer from one of the regions has been formulated by the Master Brewers, has passed the taste test by the sample population of volunteers, and then has remained popular for over a year in the local bars and pubs, it is to begin production in bottled form in a different region. The Master Brewer from whichever region the new beer has been produced will be brought to the Georgia brewery to teach the Master Brewer and staff the recipe and how to make the beer.Georgia will then put into production the new beer and for distribution to other regions. In an effort to coincide with the Freshest Beer Program, once the breweries are operating, Boston Beer will assign its logistics department use linear regression and exponential smoothing forecasts to determine the amount of inventory needed to be shipped to wholesalers on a one to two week basis. The logistics department will then meet with the sales and operations departments and report the results of these tests. The operations department will take these results and begin a plan of action to distribute the beer.Boston Beer’s sales department will then begin to work with their wholesaler’s sales departments to help aid in the overall forecasting of the supply chain in order to make more efficient forecasts and production planning schedules. The reduction of inventory by wholesalers will significantly reduce the Accounts Receivables while simultaneously reducing the Allowance for Doubtful Accounts and Stale Beer Reserve on the books of Boston Beer and allow them to enter into more reliable collection terms on their sales.This will also allow them to carry more cash on hand which they should use for marketing their regional flavors to the Far West, South East, Rocky Mountains, Plains, Great Lakes, South East, Mid-East and New England regions to help stimulate sales for the Georgia brewery as well as market their traditional flagship brands to the Midwest to boost sales for the Texas brewery.In the next step, engineers from the MIS Department will be allocated $150,000 to install operating systems before distribution begins that will be used for the Texas brewery and create e-business tools that allow them to track order and delivery time, manage weather conditions, and respond to quickly changing customer demands. By implementing an effective internal communications system, a team from the Distribution Department will use the data to coordinate its shipping vehicles to their customers and intervene if things drift off course.Management will implement a DMAIC model of Six Sigma to continuously improve the distribution processes and reduce variability in the performance of their distribution system. Boston Beer Company should then hire an outside national consulting firm to search for potential brokers or agents who will distribute and stock its beer for the Georgia and Texas breweries. Currently Boston Beer Company has only one channel of distribution for its products. Since each and every state is different with its laws pertaining to handling alcohol, more distribution channels will need to be implemented.Since most states have laws in place preventing beer manufacturers from selling and distributing beer straight to retailers and consumers Boston Beer Company must use the brokers or agents that the consulting firm will search for. The consulting firm will report its findings with the following departments: Finance, Accounting, Sales, and Operations. The committee will then determine which, if any, of the brokers or agents found to begin operations with. Each study, one in Georgia and one Texas, should not exceed $50,000.Also, with the consolidation of the beer industry, big companies like InBev, SABMiller, and Molson Coors, there is some potential that exists for them to increase their influence with distributors making it difficult to for Boston Beer to maintain favorable contractual agreements with these distributors who carry less Boston Beer products than the bigger company products. To mitigate this risk, Boston Beer will allow $3,000,000 to be invested in order to acquire smaller distributors around their Texas and Georgia brewery.All acquisitions should be completed by the fourth quarter of 2014 to ensure distribution needs will be met for the new facilities. The last step in the process to ensure the freshness of Boston Beer Company’s beer is for the purchasing department for the Texas brewery will contract their malt ingredients with their current vend or in the U. S. They will conduct multi-term deals with their hops ingredients from English vendors of which they already are in connection. They will, however, hedge their foreign currency commitments to minimize the risk of potential depreciation of the Pounds Sterling.The apples will be contracted from various vendors on multiyear deals throughout the European market and yeast will continue to be purchased from current vendors. The productions facility will be allotted $150,000 to construct a cold storage facility that can hold a six months’ supply of hops and to maintain storage facilities for yeast, malt, and apples in order to safeguard against catastrophic events that could occur at other facilities within the company. The Georgia and Texas breweries will follow the same approach as the Boston brewery.